Keyword: Child

ABSTRACT: Background: Family-reported complaints at admission shape rehabilitation planning, but they are usually stored as free text and are rarely analyzed.
Methods: We analyzed the admission complaint text of 318 children admitted to a national pediatric rehabilitation center in one admission course (22 August–8 September 2025), written in Russian in discharge summaries. We coded the text into ten complaint categories with a rule-based dictionary, compared the coding with hand coding of 209 children by a single clinician (including a test set of 40 children not used to build the dictionary), compared the categories by diagnosis group with permutation tests, and explored complaint profiles with non-negative matrix factorization of lemmatized text.
Results: On the test set the dictionary agreed with the clinician’s hand coding on 98.3% of category decisions (95% CI 97.0 to 99.5%). Speech and language complaints were most frequent (73%), followed by motor (59%) and social and behavioral (36%) complaints. Motor complaints were recorded in 98% of children with cerebral palsy, and 61% of these children also had speech or language complaints. Categories differed by diagnosis (all q<0.05 except learning and memory), but motor complaints were also frequent in Down syndrome and other diagnoses. Three complaint profiles were found.
Conclusions: Family-reported complaints in routine records can be coded reproducibly, and speech and language concerns were frequent in children admitted for motor disorders. Agreement was measured against a single clinician and may overestimate agreement with other clinicians.

ABSTRACT: In Nigeria, typhoid fever and malaria continue to be the leading causes of feverish sick ness, particularly in children and pregnant women. Accurate diagnosis is difficult in loca tions with limited resources since both diseases are endemic and feature overlapping symptoms, such as high fever, malaise, and gastrointestinal distress. Frequent misdiagno sis is a result of this diagnostic overlap as well as systemic healthcare flaws such the Widal test's dependence, the varied sensitivity of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), and in adequate laboratory equipment. Traditional beliefs and self-medication are examples of community-level influences that also contribute. These difficulties lead to improper ad ministration of antibiotics, delays in treatment, and higher mortality, especially among vulnerable populations. The epidemiology, clinical overlap, and diagnostic difficulties of typhoid fever and malaria in Nigeria are summarized in this article. It draws attention to the negative effects of incorrect diagnosis, such as treatment failure, antibiotic resistance, and poor maternal-child health outcomes. The report urges system-wide changes, public education, better healthcare worker training, and enhanced diagnostics such multiplex as says and more precise RDTs. Investing in water and sanitation infrastructure, regulating unlicensed healthcare practitioners, and improving surveillance systems are some of the main proposals. Reducing diagnostic ambiguity, enhancing clinical results, and safeguard ing high-risk groups all depend on filling these gaps.